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� Cutoff Freq (Cutoff Frequency): -64 � +63
Positive settings of Cutoff Freq will raise the cutoff frequency. Negative settings will lower the cutoff frequency. As you set this value higher in the positive direction, more overtones will be allowed to pass, and the sound will become harder (brighter). The further this value is set in the negative direction, the fewer overtones will be allowed to pass, and the sound will become softer (darker).
* For some sounds, positive (+) settings of Cutoff Freq will cause no noticeable change in the sound.
Cutoff frequency
A : Attack time D : Decay time R : Release time Envelope
Sound ends
Time Level
A
Note-on
D
Note-off
R
� Attack Time: -64 � +63
Low pass filter characteristics Level
This parameter adjusts the sharpness of the beginning of the sound.
� Decay Time: -64 � +63
Frequency Cutoff frequency
This parameter adjusts the time over which the sound will fall from the highest point of the attack down to the sustain level (Fig.1).
* Some sounds have a sustain level of 0 (Fig.2). Piano and guitar sounds are in this category.
� Resonance: -64 � +63
When the Resonance value is increased, the overtones in the area of the cutoff frequency will be emphasized, creating a sound with a strong character.
* For some sounds, negative (-) settings of Resonance will cause no noticeable change in the sound.
� Release Time: -64 � +63
This parameter adjusts the time over which the sound will decay after the note is released until it is no longer heard. The cutoff frequency will also fall according to this.
* For some sound, modifying the various Time settings of
Level
Frequency Cutoff frequency Low Resonance High
Fig.1
Volume
Sounds ends
Envelope
The volume of an instrument changes with time, from the moment the note begins to sound to when it disappears. This change can be indicated on a graph as shown in the following diagram. This shape is unique to each instrument, and is an important element in how we distinguish sounds we hear. This shape is called the �envelope.� The envelopes of musical instrument sounds can change depending on how the instrument is played. For example if a trumpet is played sharply and strongly, the attack will be quick and the sound will be sharp. But if a trumpet is played lightly and softly, the attack will be softer. In order to adjust the attack of a sound, we can modify the Attack Time of the envelope. By modifying the values of the envelope we can simulate the characteristics of many different instruments. The envelope shape that we create in this way will also affect the way in which the cutoff frequency changes. If the cutoff frequency had been lowered, it will rise as the envelope rises, and will fall as the envelope falls.
Filter
the envelope will cause no noticeable change in the sound.
Sustain Level
Time
A
Note-on
D
R
Note-off
Fig.2
A : Attack time D : Decay time R : Release time
Volume
Sounds ends
Time
A
Note-on
D
Note-off
Chapter 2. Parts and paramters
33
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